class MainActivity

package kr.co.braverokmc.myvideorecorder;

import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    SurfaceView surfaceView;
    //서피스 제어
    SurfaceHolder holder;
    // 음성 녹음 뿐만 아니라 동영상 녹음 가능
    MediaRecorder recorder ;
    String path="/sdcard/recored_video.mp4";
    Toast toast;



    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        surfaceView=(SurfaceView)findViewById(R.id.surfaceView);
        holder=surfaceView.getHolder();

    }


    //동영상 녹음시작
    public void onButton1Clicked(View v){

        try {
            recorder =new MediaRecorder();

            // 녹음기 설정
            recorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
            //카메라 설정
            recorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA);
            //출력 형식 설정
            recorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4);
            // default 내장 default 형식으로 설정
            recorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.DEFAULT);
            recorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.DEFAULT);

            recorder.setOutputFile(path);

            //화면에 어디에 뿌려질것인가 정보를 서피스 홀더 객체가 가져옴
            recorder.setPreviewDisplay(holder.getSurface());
            recorder.prepare();
            recorder.start();

            tostShow("녹화가 시작 되었습니다.");
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //동영상 녹음중지
    public void onButton2Clicked(View v){
        if(recorder!=null){
            recorder.stop();
            recorder.release();
            recorder=null;

            tostShow("녹화가 중지 되었습니다.");
        }
    }



    private void tostShow(String data){

        if(toast==null){
            toast=Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), data, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
        }else {
            toast.setText(data);
        }
        toast.show();
    }



}

R.layout.activity_main

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="kr.co.braverokmc.myvideorecorder.MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:text="녹화시작"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:onClick="onButton1Clicked"
        android:id="@+id/button" />

    <Button
        android:text="녹화중지"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button"
        android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/button"
        android:onClick="onButton2Clicked"
        android:id="@+id/button2" />

    <SurfaceView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button2"
        android:id="@+id/surfaceView"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

권한 허가

AndroidMainfest.xml

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>